CDAC’s Wireless Sensor Node based on CC2430 SOC
USER MANUAL
REV 0.0

Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Definitions
3. Literature
4. Components required for minimum wireless setup
5. WSN

5.1. Hardware Description
5.1.1. Jumpers
5.1.2. Powering WSN
5.1.3. VDD_SW_Controlled Power
5.1.4. USB interface (Virtual COM Port)
5.1.5. User Interface
5.1.6. RESET Switch
5.1.7. I/O Connectors
5.1.8. Humidity and temperature sensor
5.1.9. Temperature Sensor
5.1.10. Location Engine(available on CC2431)
5.1.11. SOC Debug Port

5.2. Programming and Debugging
5.3. Programming SOC with Hex file

6. Testing
6.1. Setup
6.2. RF testing
6.2.1. RF testing using two WSNs
6.2.2. RF testing using Spectrum Analyzer
6.2.3. Application examples
7. Document History

1.Introduction

This manual contains reference information for CDAC’s Wireless Sensor Node (WSN) based on CC2430 SOC. It covers the hardware components of the CDAC’s WSN. Further information can be found in the device datasheets and the documents mentioned in Literature section.

2.Definitions

3.Literature

3.1. CC2430 Datasheet
3.2. CC2431 Datasheet
3.3. Circuit Schematics for CDAC’s WSN
3.4. Flash Programmer User Manual
3.5. CC2430DK Development Kit User Manual
3.6. SmartRF Studio User Manual
3.7.SOC Temperature Sensor: Design Note DN102
3.8. Sensirion SHT75 Humidity & Temperature Sensor datasheet

4. Components required for minimum wireless setup

The following components are required for minimum setup for simple wireless Transmission and Reception

• 2 x WSN
• 2 x 2.4GHz Antennas
• 2 x SmartRF04EB
• 2 x 10-wire flat cable for using SmartRF04EB as emulator
• 2 x SOC_DEM System on Chip debug plug-in board
• USB cable / 5V DC adaptor/ 2xAAA Batteries

5. WSN

This section includes overall information that applies to WSN. The figure below shows the main components on the WSN.

• TI CC2430 SOC based device with 8KB RAM and 128KB Flash
• USB-VCOM interface for host interface
• On board humidity and temperature sensor
• Sensor interface through two 10 pin expansion connectors P2 and P5
• SMA connector for interfacing 2.4 GHz SMA antenna
• 10 pin SOC debug connector for programming and debugging WSN

5.1. Hardware description

This section contains brief description & tutorial of various hardware components onboard WSN. Please refer to the Schematics of the WSN for further information.

5.1.1. Jumpers

• J1 has to be always shorted to power up WSN
• J2 Short pins 1—2 to power directly the VCC_SW_Controlled
  Or Short pins 3—4 to power software power controlled devices through software
• J6 short J6 for indicate through LED D4 whether the WSN is powered up
• J3 to provide extra pull-up for the reset signal (not used)

5.1.2. Powering WSN

The WSN can be powered in several different ways:
In order to power the WSN from the Battery the Switch S1 has to be pulled towards the SMA antenna. To power the WSN from the DC jack or USB the Switch S1 has to be pulled in opposite direction. If both DC jack and USB connector are connected, the WSN will be powered from the supply that supplies the highest voltage.

• Battery Power: 2 x AAA cells may be loaded into the battery holder on the bottom side of the WSN to power up the WSN.
• DC jack: A 4-10V DC power supply from a DC adaptor may be used. The onboard voltage regulator converts it to supply 3.3V to the board.
• USB Power: the WSN can also be powered from USB bus by connecting to a PC via a USB connector.

5.1.3. VDD_SW_Controlled Power

The power to some of the components (LEDs D5, D6, Humidity and Temperature Sensor) on the WSN can be turned ON or OFF by user using either software control mode or by manual mode.

For manual mode the Jumper J2 pins 1-2 are shorted and pins 3-4 are left open. This operation bypasses the Power MOSFET Switch and gives direct supply to all the components that are powered by VDD_SW_CONTROLLED power track.

For software control mode first short the jumper J2 pins 3-4 , leave pins 1-2 open and let the SOC drive the pin P1.2/VDD_SW_CNTRL high or Low to turn ON or OFF the power to the components powered by Power MOSFET Switch.

5.1.4. USB interface(Virtual COM Port)

USB connector P11 can be used to connect the WSN to a PC. When it is thus connected the PC should identify it as a one of the COM port (For PCs based on Windows OS, VCOM drivers for CP2102 may be downloaded from www.silabs.com. Linux based systems come with in built drivers for CP2102). Device Manager may be checked to know which COM port (eg. COM20, COM3..) is being assigned to the WSN. The same COM port may be used for communicating with WSN.

For providing VCOM port on WSN, the USART1 UART in Alt2 Configuration on SOC is used. Please refer to the Schematic and Peripheral I/O Pin Mapping table on the CC2430 datasheet.

5.1.5. User Interface

The WSN includes three LEDs. LED D4 is used to indicate whether the device is powered or not. The LEDs D5 and D6 are routed to I/O pins P1_0 & P1_1 on the SOC. These can be controlled by software to indicate status.

5.1.6. RESET Switch

The RESET Switch S2 is provided to reset the WSN manually at anytime.

5.1.7. I/O connectors

All the I/O pins (three ports of SOC ) from CC2430 are brought out to the connectors P2, P5 and P6 for expansion.

5.1.8. Humidity and temperature sensor

A Humidity and Temperature sensor SHT75 is available on board WSN. The sensor is interfaced using pins P0_2 and P0_3 for Signals DATA and SCK. The Sensor is powered from VDD_SW_Controlled Power line which can be turned ON or OFF by Software or Jumper settings. Further information can be found in Sensirion SHT75 datasheet (www.sensirion.com ).

5.1.9. In built Temperature Sensor

An inbuilt MEMS based temperature sensor embedded in to the SOC is also available for the user to access. For more information on this please refer to the CC2430 datasheet and Design Note DN102 on SOC Temperature Sensor.

5.1.10. Location Engine(available on CC2431)

The users wanting to explore hardware location engine on CC2431 can select the WSNs loaded with CC2431 as it is pin compatible with CC2430 IC. Hardware support for the Location engine is available on CC2431 in addition to all the features of CC2430. For more information on Location Engine Please refer to CC2431 datasheet.

5.1.11. SOC Debug Port

The SOC Debug Port Connector P7 may be used to program the SOC and also for debugging with the help of smartRF04.

5.2. Programming and Debugging

10 pin SOC debug connector P7 is used for programming and debugging of WSN. For programming WSN TI’s SmartRF04 Evaluation Board or TI’s CC-Debugger may be used. (Note: CC-Debugger is cheaper solution but it is currently not readily available in market)

Alternatively, third party programmer devices from Elprotonic Inc’s i.e. FlashPro-CC or GangPro-CC may also be used.

For debugging and In-Circuit Emulation SmartRF04 EB may be used. This setup is supported by IAR Compiler. In addition to these SmartRF04 EB may also be used for validation of RF functionality of WSN.

The hardware is setup by connecting the SOC Debug Connector P7 on WSN to EM connectors on SmartRF via SOC_DEM System on Chip debug plug-in board using a 10-pin flat cable. Alternatively the hardware can also be setup by connecting the SOC Debug Connector P7 on WSN to SOC Debug Connector P14 on the SmartRF04 with proper polarity on the 10-pin flat cable. The former setup is highly recommended.

Elprotonic’s FlashPro-CC is supposed to be supported by Kiel compiler for debug and emulation.

5.3. Programming SOC with Hex file

SOC can be programmed from the USB interface using Chipcon Flash Programming Software. More information can be obtained from the Flash programming manual

6. Testing

6.1. Setup
6.1.1. Install SmartRF Studio on one or two Windows based PCs
6.1.2. Connect SOC Debug Connectors of the two WSNs to SOC Debug Connectors of two different SmartRF04 Evaluation Boards through two 10-wire flat cables and SoC Debug plug-in Module.
6.1.3. Connect antennas to both WSNs
6.1.4. Apply power to two WSNs and Evaluation Boards and turn on the corresponding switches to turn on the power.

6.2. RF Testing

6.2.1. RF testing Using two WSNs

RF testing is performed by using SmartRF Studio together with SmartRF04 EB and WSNs. Connect the WSN to SmartRF04 EB through 10pin flat cable. Apply power to the WSN. Connect SmartRF04 EB to a PC using USB interface. Start the SmartRF Studio Software on the PC and select the SmartRF04 tab. Select the correct Development kit(several development kits can be connected to a PC at once), it should be listed as “CC2430 – new device” and click the Start button. In the main SmartRF studio window settings can be changed, tests performed and registers adjusted. For the first WSN, configure the SOC in Receive mode by clicking the Packet RX tab and Start packet RX. Now this WSN will be in waiting mode to receive 100 packets. Expected packet count can be left as 100 by default or modified.

Similarly configure other WSN in the Transmit mode by clicking Packet TX and start TX. This WSN will now start transmitting packets. The number of packets to be transmitted is by default 100.

The packets that are transmitted by second WSN will be received by the first WSN and packet data and their average RSSI values can be observed on the SmartRF Studio window for the first WSN.

Care has to be taken about the both WSN operating in the same channel. By default the channel 0x0B i.e. frequency 2405 MHz will be selected by SmartRF Studio. This can be altered for transmitting in other channels.

Please see the SmartRF Studio documentation for more information about the operation of SmartRF Studio.

6.2.2. RF testing using Spectrum Analyzer

RF testing can be done using a Spectrum Analyzer together with SmartRF04 EB, WSN and SmartRF Studio to check the Output Power, and Constellation.

Connect the WSN to SmartRF04 EB through 10pin flat cable. Apply power to the WSN. Connect SmartRF04 EB to a PC using USB interface. Connect the antenna port of the WSN to a spectrum analyzer using a good quality 50-ohm RF coaxial cable. The loss in the cabling should be negligible. Start the SmartRF Studio Software on the PC and select the SmartRF04 tab. Select the correct Development kit and click the Start button. Use the simple TX function in SmartRF Studio to set up the RF chip to emit a carrier at desired frequency. An accurate measure of the output power can now be made. EVM values and constellation also can be observed on spectrum Analyzer. Similar tests can also be performed by transmitting Unmodulated Carrier and Modulated Spectrum.

6.2.3. Application Examples

The CC2430 development kit is accompanied by the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC and Z-Stack software. These together with corresponding userguide can be freely downloaded from TI’s web site and could be ported on to WSN.

7.Document History

For more details Email: ubicom@cdacb.ernet.in